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Risk factors for maternal outcome in pregnancy complicated with dilated cardiomyopathy

Abstract

Objective:

The goal of the study was to determine risk factors for maternal cardiac failure in pregnancy complicated with dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM).

Study Design:

The subjects were 29 patients diagnosed with DCM before conception or during the first 7 months of pregnancy. DCM was defined as left ventricle end-diastolic dimension (LVDd)48 mm and/or fractional shortening (%FS)30% on echocardiography. Patients were followed until at least 1 year after delivery and were categorized into a poor prognosis group (n=6; death or end stage heart failure of New York Heart Association (NYHA) class III and IV) and a good prognosis group (n=23; all other cases).

Result:

DCM was initially diagnosed during pregnancy in 6/6 and 8/23 patients in the poor and good prognosis groups, respectively (P<0.005). The %FS of the first test during pregnancy was 17.5±6.2 and 27.4±9.3% in the respective groups (P<0.005). In eight abortion cases with %FS 15.2±3.1%, %FS, cardiac function and NYHA class were maintained until 20 months after abortion. There was no relationship between LVDd and maternal outcome.

Conclusion:

Onset during pregnancy and decreased %FS are risk factors for a poor maternal outcome in patients with DCM. Abortion prevents further deterioration of cardiac function in patients with a very low %FS.

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Correspondence to S Katsuragi.

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Katsuragi, S., Omoto, A., Kamiya, C. et al. Risk factors for maternal outcome in pregnancy complicated with dilated cardiomyopathy. J Perinatol 32, 170–175 (2012). https://doi.org/10.1038/jp.2011.81

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