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The characteristics of coarse particulate matter air pollution associated with alterations in blood pressure and heart rate during controlled exposures

Journal of Exposure Science & Environmental Epidemiology volume 25, pages 153–159 (2015)Cite this article

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Abstract

Although fine particulate matter (PM) air pollution <2.5 μm in aerodynamic diameter (PM2.5) is a leading cause of global morbidity and mortality, the potential health effects of coarse PM (2.5–10 μm in aerodynamic diameter; PM10–2.5) remain less clearly understood. We aimed to elucidate the components within coarse PM most likely responsible for mediating these hemodynamic alterations. Thirty-two healthy adults (25.9±6.6 years) were exposed to concentrated ambient coarse PM (CAP) (76.2±51.5 μg/m3) and filtered air (FA) for 2 h in a rural location in a randomized double-blind crossover study. The particle constituents (24 individual elements, organic and elemental carbon) were analyzed from filter samples and associated with the blood pressure (BP) and heart rate (HR) changes occurring throughout CAP and FA exposures in mixed model analyses. Total coarse PM mass along with most of the measured elements were positively associated with similar degrees of elevations in both systolic BP and HR. Conversely, total PM mass was unrelated, whereas only two elements (Cu and Mo) were positively associated with and Zn was inversely related to diastolic BP changes during exposures. Inhalation of coarse PM from a rural location rapidly elevates systolic BP and HR in a concentration-responsive manner, whereas the particulate composition does not appear to be an important determinant of these responses. Conversely, exposure to certain PM elements may be necessary to trigger a concomitant increase in diastolic BP. These findings suggest that particulate mass may be an adequate metric of exposure to predict some, but not all, hemodynamic alterations induced by coarse PM mass.

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Acknowledgements

This study was funded by grants from the NIH CTSA (UL1RR024986) and from the United States Environmental Protection Agency RD83479701 and R833740. We thank James Barres, Sue Lustig, Mary Lynam, and Matt Salvadori for their field efforts.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. School of Public Health, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA,

    Masako Morishita, Lu Wang, Ritabrata Das, J Timothy Dvonch, Catherine Spino & Bhramar Mukherjee

  2. Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA,

    Robert L Bard & Robert D Brook

  3. Davis Heart Lung Research Institute, College of Public Health, Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA,

    Qinghua Sun

  4. College of Veterinary Medicine, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan, USA,

    Jack R Harkema

  5. Medical Center, University of Maryland, Baltimore, Maryland, USA,

    Sanjay Rajagopalan

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  1. Masako Morishita
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  4. Ritabrata Das
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Correspondence to Robert D Brook.

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Supplementary Information accompanies the paper on the Journal of Exposure Science and Environmental Epidemiology website

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Morishita, M., Bard, R., Wang, L. et al. The characteristics of coarse particulate matter air pollution associated with alterations in blood pressure and heart rate during controlled exposures. J Expo Sci Environ Epidemiol 25, 153–159 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1038/jes.2014.62

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1038/jes.2014.62

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