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Body composition, energy expenditure and physical activity

Development of a single-frequency bioimpedance prediction equation for fat-free mass in an adult Indigenous Australian population

Abstract

Background/Objectives:

To describe the development of a single-frequency bioimpedance prediction equation for fat-free mass (FFM) suitable for adult Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander peoples with and without diabetes or indicators of chronic kidney disease (CKD).

Subjects/Methods:

FFM was measured by whole-body dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry in 147 adult Indigenous Australians. Height, weight, body circumference and resistance were also measured. Adults with and without diabetes and indicators of CKD were examined. A random split sample with internal cross-validation approach was used to predict and subsequently validate FFM using resistance, height, weight, age and gender against measured FFM.

Results:

Among 147 adults with a median body mass index of 31 kg/m2, the final model of FFM was FFM (kg)=0.432 (height, cm2/resistance, ohm)−0.086 (age, years)+0.269 (weight, kg)−6.422 (if female)+16.429. Adjusted R2 was 0.94 and the root mean square error was 3.33 kg. The concordance was high (rc=0.97) between measured and predicted FFM across a wide range of FFM (31–85 kg).

Conclusions:

In the context of the high burden of diabetes and CKD among adult Indigenous Australians, this new equation for FFM was both accurate and precise and based on easily acquired variables (height, weight, age, gender and resistance) among a heterogeneous adult cohort.

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Acknowledgements

We thank the participants, study and health-care centre staff. The eGFR Study was funded by the National Health and Medical Research Council (NHMRC; project grant 545202), Sea-Swift Thursday Island. JTH is supported by NHMRC Scholarship 490348, Rio Tinto Aboriginal Fund, and the Centre of Clinical Research Excellence in Clinical Science in Diabetes, University of Melbourne, CVL Pfizer, Douglas and Lola Douglas Academy of Science. LJM-B is supported by NHMRC Fellowship 605837.

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Correspondence to L C Ward.

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LCW consults to Impedimed. The remaining authors declare no conflict of interest.

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Impedimed had no involvement in the concept, design, execution of this study or in the preparation of this manuscript.

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Hughes, J., Maple-Brown, L., Piers, L. et al. Development of a single-frequency bioimpedance prediction equation for fat-free mass in an adult Indigenous Australian population. Eur J Clin Nutr 69, 28–33 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1038/ejcn.2014.54

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