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Plasma Cell Disorders

Early relapse after single auto-SCT for multiple myeloma is a major predictor of survival in the era of novel agents

Bone Marrow Transplantation volume 50, pages 204–208 (2015)Cite this article

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Abstract

The role of auto-SCT in the treatment of multiple myeloma (MM) in the era of novel agents continues to evolve. It is now clear that the depth of response and clinical outcomes have significantly improved as a result of the combination of these strategies. However, not all patients with MM who undergo auto-SCT are able to sustain a meaningful response and 20% of patients relapse shortly after auto-SCT. In this study, we aimed to assess the impact of early relapse (ER) after auto-SCT on OS for MM patients undergoing single auto-SCT who had received novel agent-based induction regimens. All consecutive patients with MM undergoing single auto-SCT from January 2002 to September 2012 who had novel induction therapy were evaluated. A total of 184 patients were identified. The median OS and PFS for the group of transplanted patients were 93 and 25.4 months, respectively. Median time to relapse was 17.2 months with 40% having relapsed at the time of analysis. ER (<12 months post auto-SCT) was seen in 27 (36%) out of 75 patients who had relapsed, and median OS was significantly shorter than in those with non-ER. Multivariate analysis showed ER as the major independent prognostic factor for OS. On the basis of these findings, we conclude that not only attainment of a good response, but sustainability of it, appears to be a major prognostic variable in MM in the era of novel therapy. Patients with ER post auto-SCT should biologically be characterized in prospective studies to better understand the mechanisms of resistance associated with this particular entity.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Medical Oncology and Hematology, Princess Margaret Cancer Center, Toronto, Ontario, Canada,

    V H Jimenez-Zepeda, D E Reece, S Trudel, C Chen, R Tiedemann & V Kukreti

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  1. V H Jimenez-Zepeda
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  2. D E Reece
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  3. S Trudel
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  4. C Chen
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  5. R Tiedemann
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Correspondence to V Kukreti.

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The authors declare no conflict of interest.

Additional information

This article was partly presented at the American Society of Hematology meeting, 2013, in New Orleans.

Author Contributions

VHJ-Z and VK performed research, collected, analyzed, interpreted data, performed statistical analysis and wrote the manuscript. and DER, ST, RT and CC designed research, analyzed and interpreted data and wrote the manuscript.

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Jimenez-Zepeda, V., Reece, D., Trudel, S. et al. Early relapse after single auto-SCT for multiple myeloma is a major predictor of survival in the era of novel agents. Bone Marrow Transplant 50, 204–208 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1038/bmt.2014.237

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