Abstract
IDDM9-region on chromosome 3q has shown suggestive evidence for linkage to type 1 diabetes in some but not all genome scans. We analyzed 22 microsatellite markers in 121 Finnish type 1 diabetes multiplex families across the IDDM9-region. Two-point maximum LOD scores of 3.4 and 2.5 were detected with markers D3S1589 and D3S3606, respectively. Two markers were further tested for association using the transmission disequilibrium test in 384 Finnish type 1 diabetes simplex families. Marker AFM203wd10 showed association with type 1 diabetes (P=0.0002 for allele R16). Association was present in families with children carrying the HphI-23 AA risk genotype at IDDM2 but not in families with children carrying protective AT or TT genotypes implying interaction between the two loci. Our data gives credence to earlier findings of linkage in this region and suggests a location for a polymorphism affecting type 1 diabetes susceptibility in the area surrounding AFM203wd10.
This is a preview of subscription content, access via your institution
Access options
Subscribe to this journal
Receive 6 digital issues and online access to articles
$119.00 per year
only $19.83 per issue
Buy this article
- Purchase on Springer Link
- Instant access to full article PDF
Prices may be subject to local taxes which are calculated during checkout
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Mein CA, Esposito L, Dunn MG, Johnson GC, Timms AE, Goy JV et al. A search for type 1 diabetes susceptibility genes in families from the United Kingdom. Nat Genet 1998; 19: 297–300.
Davies JL, Kawaguchi Y, Bennett ST, Copeman JB, Cordell HJ, Pritchard LE et al. A genome-wide search for human type 1 diabetes susceptibility genes. Nature 1994; 371: 130–136.
Paterson AD, Petronis A . Sex of affected sibpairs and genetic linkage to type 1 diabetes. Am J Med Genet 1999; 84: 15–19.
Laine AP, Nejentsev S, Veijola R, Korpinen E, Sjöroos M, Simell O et al. A linkage study of 12 IDDM susceptibility loci in the Finnish population. Diabetes Metab Res Rev 2004; 20: 144–149.
Turpeinen H, Laine AP, Nejentsev S, Sjöroos M, Ilonen J, Simell O et al. CD86 gene polymorphisms: no association with Type I diabetes among Finnish subjects. Diabetologia 2002; 45: 1041–1042.
Risch N . Linkage strategies for genetically complex traits. III. The effect of marker polymorphism on analysis of affected relative pairs. Am J Hum Genet 1990; 46: 242–253.
Cornelis F, Faure S, Martinez M, Prud'homme JF, Fritz P, Dib C et al. New susceptibility locus for rheumatoid arthritis suggested by a genome-wide linkage study. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 1998; 95: 10746–10750.
Spielman RS, McGinnis RE, Ewens WJ . Transmission test for linkage disequilibrium: the insulin gene region and insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). Am J Hum Genet 1993; 52: 506–516.
Dudbridge F . Pedigree disequilibrium tests for multilocus haplotypes. Genet Epidemiol 2003; 25: 115–121.
Liu K, Muse SV . PowerMarker: an integrated analysis environment for genetic marker analysis. Bioinformatics 2005; 21: 2128–2129.
Scott WK, Pericak-Vance MA, Haines JL . Genetic analysis of complex diseases. Science 1997; 275: 1327.
Risch N, Merikangas K . The future of genetic studies of complex human diseases. Science 1996; 273: 1516–1517.
Kruglyak L, Lander ES . Complete multipoint sib-pair analysis of qualitative and quantitative traits. Am J Hum Genet 1995; 57: 439–454.
Cox NJ, Wapelhorst B, Morrison VA, Johnson L, Pinchuk L, Spielman RS et al. Seven regions of the genome show evidence of linkage to type 1 diabetes in a consensus analysis of 767 multiplex families. Am J Hum Genet 2001; 69: 820–830.
Risch N . Linkage strategies for genetically complex traits. II. The power of affected relative pairs. Am J Hum Genet 1990; 46: 229–241.
Acknowledgements
This study was supported by Juvenile Diabetes Research Foundation (JDRF), EFSD/JDRF/Novo Nordisk Foundation Focused Research Grant for Type 1 Diabetes, Novo Nordisk Foundation, Foundation for Diabetes Research in Finland, Turku University Central Hospital and the Academy of Finland.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Laine, AP., Turpeinen, H., Veijola, R. et al. Evidence for linkage to and association with type 1 diabetes at the 3q21 region in the Finnish population. Genes Immun 7, 69–72 (2006). https://doi.org/10.1038/sj.gene.6364269
Received:
Revised:
Accepted:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1038/sj.gene.6364269