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Characterization of the human CD5 endogenous retrovirus-E in B lymphocytes

Genes & Immunity volume 6, pages 663–671 (2005)Cite this article

Abstract

All T lymphocytes and some B lymphocytes express CD5. This coreceptor is encoded by one gene that consists of 11 exons. We have previously described a B cell-specific alternative exon 1, leading to the synthesis of a protein, devoid of leader peptide, and, therefore, retained in the cytoplasm. The novel exon 1 originates from a human endogenous retrovirus (HERV) at a time interval between the divergence of New World monkeys from Old World monkeys, and prior to the divergence of humans from Old World monkeys. Based on sequence similarity to γ-retroviruses, it was categorized as class I: based on the specificity of its primer binding site, it was allotted to the subclass E, and based on its location within the cd5 gene, named HERV-E.CD5. Alternative transcripts were detected in lymphoid organs including fetal liver (not adult liver), more particularly in CD5-negative cell surface B-1b than in CD5-positive cell surface B-1a, and not at all in B-2 cells. By alignment of 5′ long terminal repeats, HERV-E.CD5 was distinguished from similar proviruses. This could be central to the regulation of membrane expression of CD5 in human B lymphocytes, and, thereby, to the strength of the B-cell antigen receptor signaling.

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Acknowledgements

We thank S Forest and C Séné for secretarial assistance.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Laboratory of Immunology, Brest University Medical School, Brest, France

    Y Renaudineau, C Le Dantec, S Hillion, A Saraux & P Youinou

  2. Laboratory of Virology, Brest University Medical School, Brest, France

    S Vallet

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  1. Y Renaudineau
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  2. S Vallet
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  3. C Le Dantec
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  4. S Hillion
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  5. A Saraux
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  6. P Youinou
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Correspondence to P Youinou.

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Renaudineau, Y., Vallet, S., Le Dantec, C. et al. Characterization of the human CD5 endogenous retrovirus-E in B lymphocytes. Genes Immun 6, 663–671 (2005). https://doi.org/10.1038/sj.gene.6364253

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