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Sequence of a novel simian immunodeficiency virus from a wild-caught African mandrill

Nature volume 341, pages 539–541 (1989)Cite this article

Abstract

SINCE the isolation of an HIV-2-related virus from captive macaques (SIVMAC)1,2, the origin of human immunodeficiency viruses, a much debated subject3–9, has been attributed to monkeys3,4. The sequence of SIVAGM, which is derived from a naturally infected African green monkey, shows equal relatedness to HIV-1 and HIV-2, suggesting that the derivation of these viruses from SIVAGM is unlikely. Recent sequence analysis of SIV from a captive sooty mangabey (SIVSM), however, shows its close relatedness to HIV-2 and SIVMAC, indicating a possible origin of HIV-2 and SIVMAC from SIVSM (refs 4, 7, 9). We report here the sequence of a novel simian lentivirus, SIVMND, isolated from a wild-caught mandrill in Africa10. It is distinct from the three other main groups, HIV-1, HIV-2/SIVMAC/SIVSM and SIVAGM, and therefore represents a fourth main group of primate lentiviruses. Phylogenetic analysis indicates that these four main virus groups might have diverged from a common ancestor at about the same time, long before the spread of AIDS in humans.

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Author notes

  1. Akira Hasegawa and Noboru Maki: Fundamental Research Laboratory, Toa Nenryo Kogyo K.K., Ohi-machi, Saitama 354, Japan

  2. Masashi Fukasawa, Tomoyuki Miura and Masanori Hayami: Research Center for Immunodeficiency Virus, Institute for Virus Research, Kyoto University, Sakyo-Ku, Kyoto 606, Japan

  3. Stephan Speidel: Department of Viral Oncology, Cancer Institute, Toshima-Ku, Tokyo 170, Japan

  4. Robert W. Cooper: International Center of Medical Research, Franceville, Gabon

  5. Etsuko N. Moriyama and Takashi Gojobori: National Institute of Genetics, Mishima, Shizuoka 411, Japan

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Animal Pathology, Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo, Minato-ku, Tokyo, 108, Japan

    Hajime Tsujimoto, Akira Hasegawa, Noboru Maki, Masashi Fukasawa, Tomoyuki Miura, Stephan Speidel, Robert W. Cooper, Etsuko N. Moriyama, Takashi Gojobori & Masanori Hayami

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  1. Hajime Tsujimoto
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  2. Akira Hasegawa
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  4. Masashi Fukasawa
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  6. Stephan Speidel
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  7. Robert W. Cooper
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  8. Etsuko N. Moriyama
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  9. Takashi Gojobori
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  10. Masanori Hayami
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Tsujimoto, H., Hasegawa, A., Maki, N. et al. Sequence of a novel simian immunodeficiency virus from a wild-caught African mandrill. Nature 341, 539–541 (1989). https://doi.org/10.1038/341539a0

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