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Cytochalasin B, the blood platelet release reaction and cyclic GMP

Nature 253, 455–457 (06 February 1975) | Download Citation

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Abstract

CYTOCHALASIN B (CB) affects a wide range of cellular processes that appear to be contractile in nature1. The molecular mechanisms responsible for these effects are uncertain, though it is known that CB interferes with microfilament function1 and can block transport of glucose across cell membranes2,3. Secretion by exocytosis has been shown to be inhibited by CB in some cell types4–8 but to be potentiated by CB in others9–12. We describe here the effects of CB on the release reaction of blood platelets induced by collagen fibres, a process in which the contents of both amine storage granules (5-HT, ADP, ATP) and lysosomes are secreted13 and which leads to platelet aggregation mediated by the ADP released14. Although previous studies have shown that CB inhibits various platelet activities including clot retraction15–17 and platelet aggregation16,17, we now find that lower concentrations of CB markedly potentiate both the secretory activities of the platelet and release-dependent aggregation. Because collagen-induced platelet aggregation is associated with an increase in intracellular cyclic GMP18, a compound which potentiates secretion by some cells19,20, and because it has been suggested that CB may stimulate leukotaxis by increasing cyclic GMP21, we have studied the relationship between the platelet release reaction and platelet cyclic GMP levels in the presence and absence of CB. The results show that CB does not potentiate the release reaction through any direct effect on cyclic GMP levels.

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Affiliations

  1. Department of Pathology, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada

    • R. J. HASLAM
    • , M. M. L. DAVIDSON
    •  & M. D. MCCLENAGHAN

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https://doi.org/10.1038/253455a0

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