Abstract
JACOBS1 has recently given an analytical solution of Einstein's field equations which represents a homogeneous and isotropic universe containing both radiation and dust; the space-like surface (on which the matter is comoving) is flat. Using arguments based on Mach's principle, however, Wheeler2 argues that space is closed. This implies for a Friedman universe that the curvature is positive. But using statistical arguments and observational data, Chiu3 argues that the universe can be described by an open Friedman model with negative curvature. This disagreement cannot be resolved at present because the energy density of the universe is not known to sufficient accuracy. Because of this, it seems reasonable to consider all three Friedman cosmological models.
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References
Jacobs, K., Nature, 215, 1156 (1967).
Wheeler, J. A., in Gravitation and Relativity (edit. by Chiu and Hoffmann) (Benjamin, New York, 1964).
Chiu, H. Y., Ann. Phys., 43, 1 (1967).
Robertson, Ap. J., 82, 284 (1935); Walker, Proc. Lon. Math. Soc., Ser. 2, 42, 90 (1937).
Heckman, O., Schucking, E., in Gravitation (edit. by Witten, L.) (Wiley, New York, 1963) and the references cited there.
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COHEN, J. Friedman Cosmological Models with both Radiation and Matter. Nature 216, 249 (1967). https://doi.org/10.1038/216249a0
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1038/216249a0
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