Abstract
Shc proteins participate in a variety of processes regulating cell proliferation, survival and apoptosis. The two ubiquitously expressed isoforms, p52Shc/p46Shc, couple tyrosine kinase receptors to Ras by recruiting Grb2/Sos complexes to a membrane-proximal localization. Tyrosine residues 239/240 and 317 become phosphorylated following receptor engagement and, as such, form two Grb2 binding sites, which have been proposed to be differentially coupled to Myc-dependent survival and to fos-dependent proliferation, respectively. Here, we have addressed the individual function of YY239/240 and Y317 in T-cell antigen receptor (TCR) signaling. We show that p52Shc is phosphorylated on both YY239/240 and Y317 following TCR engagement. Mutation of either YY239/240 or Y317 results in impaired interaction with Grb2 and inhibition of Ras/MAP kinase activation and CD69 induction, supporting a role for both Grb2 binding sites in this function. Substitution of either YY239/240 or Y317 also results in a defective activation of Rac and the coupled stress kinases JNK and p38. Furthermore, mutation of Y317 or, to a larger extent, of YY239/240, results in increased activation-induced cell death, which in cells expressing the FF239/240 mutant is accompanied by impaired TCR-dependent c-myc transcription. The data underline a pleiotropic and nonredundant role of Shc, mediated by both YY239/240 and Y317, in T-cell activation and survival.
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Acknowledgements
We wish to thank Sonia Grassini for technical assistance, Giancarlo Benocci for secreterial assistance and John L Telford for critical reading of the manuscript. The work was generously supported by AIRC. The contribution of the EU (QLK2-CT-2002-00620), the Ministero per la Ricerca Scientifica e Tecnologica (FIRB) and the University of Siena (PAR) is also gratefully acknowledged.
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Patrussi, L., Savino, M., Pellegrini, M. et al. Cooperation and selectivity of the two Grb2 binding sites of p52Shc in T-cell antigen receptor signaling to Ras family GTPases and Myc-dependent survival. Oncogene 24, 2218–2228 (2005). https://doi.org/10.1038/sj.onc.1208384
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1038/sj.onc.1208384
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