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Ero1-Lα plays a key role in a HIF-1-mediated pathway to improve disulfide bond formation and VEGF secretion under hypoxia: implication for cancer

Oncogene volume 24, pages 1011–1020 (2005)Cite this article

Abstract

Oxygen is the ultimate source of oxidizing power for disulfide bond formation, suggesting that under limiting oxygen proper protein folding might be compromised. We show that secretion of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), a protein with multiple disulfide bonds, was indeed impeded under hypoxia and was partially restored by artificial increase of oxidizing equivalents with diamide. Physiologically, the oxireductase endoplasmic reticulum oxidoreductin-1 (Ero1)-Lα, but not other proteins in the relay of disulfide formation, was strongly upregulated by hypoxia and independently by hypoglycemia, two known accompaniments of tumors. Further, we provide genetic evidence that induction of Ero1-Lα by hypoxia and hypoglycemia is mediated by the transcription factor hypoxia-inducible factor 1 (HIF-1) but is independent of p53. In natural human tumors, Ero1-Lα mRNA was specifically induced in hypoxic microenvironments coinciding with that of upregulated VEGF expression. To establish a physiological relevance to modulations in Ero1-Lα levels, we showed that even a modest, two- to three-fold reduction in Ero1-Lα production via siRNA leads to significant inhibition of VEGF secretion, a compromised proliferation capacity and enhanced apoptosis. Together, these findings demonstrate that hypoxic induction of Ero1-Lα is the key adaptive response in a previously unrecognized HIF-1-mediated pathway that operates to improve protein secretion under hypoxia and might be harnessed for inhibiting tumor growth via inhibiting VEGF-driven angiogenesis.

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Acknowledgements

This study was supported by a grant from the Belfer Foundation and from Quark Biotech Inc. We thank Yevgeni Kazanov and David Belenki for preparation of anti-Ero-1La antibodies.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Molecular Biology, The Hebrew University-Hadassah Medical School, Jerusalem, 91120, Israel

    Dalit May, Ahuva Itin, Oded Gal & Eli Keshet

  2. Quark Biotech Inc./QBI Enterprises Ltd, Weizmann Science Park, POB 4071, Ness Ziona, 70400, Israel

    Hagar Kalinski & Elena Feinstein

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  1. Dalit May
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Correspondence to Eli Keshet.

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May, D., Itin, A., Gal, O. et al. Ero1-Lα plays a key role in a HIF-1-mediated pathway to improve disulfide bond formation and VEGF secretion under hypoxia: implication for cancer. Oncogene 24, 1011–1020 (2005). https://doi.org/10.1038/sj.onc.1208325

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