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Vascular endothelial growth factor receptors in the regulation of angiogenesis and lymphangiogenesis

Oncogene volume 19, pages 5598–5605 (2000)Cite this article

Abstract

VEGFR-1 (Flt-1), VEGFR-2 (KDR) and VEGFR-3 (Flt4) are endothelial specific receptor tyrosine kinases, regulated by members of the vascular endothelial growth factor family. VEGFRs are indispensable for embryonic vascular development, and are involved in the regulation of many aspects of physiological and pathological angiogenesis. VEGF-C and VEGF-D, as ligands for VEGFR-3 are also capable of stimulating lymphangiogenesis and at least VEGF-C can enhance lymphatic metastasis. Recent studies have shown that missense mutations within the VEGFR-3 tyrosine kinase domain are associated with human hereditary lymphedema, suggesting an important role for this receptor in the development of the lymphatic vasculature.

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Abbreviations

eNOS:

endothelial nitric oxide synthase

FAK:

focal adhesion kinase

HUVE:

human umbilical vein endothelial

IP3:

inositol-3-phosphate

MAPK:

mitogen activated protein kinase

PI3-K:

phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase

PKC:

protein kinase C

PLC:

phospholipase C

PlGF:

placenta growth factor

RTK:

receptor tyrosine kinase

VEGF:

vascular endothelial growth factor

VEGFR:

VEGF receptor

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Acknowledgements

We thank Dr Kari Alitalo for support and critical comments. The studies in the authors' laboratory were supported by the Finnish Academy, the Sigrid Juselius Foundation, the Finnish Cancer Organizations, the Finnish Cultural Foundation, the Ida Montini Foundation, the Emil Aaltonen foundation, the Finnish State Technology Development Centre, the Helsinki University Hospital Research Fund, the Novo Nordisk Foundation and the European Union Biomed Program.

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  1. Molecular Cancer Biology Laboratory, and the Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research, Haartman Institute, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, 00014, Finland

    Marika J Karkkainen & Tatiana V Petrova

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Karkkainen, M., Petrova, T. Vascular endothelial growth factor receptors in the regulation of angiogenesis and lymphangiogenesis. Oncogene 19, 5598–5605 (2000). https://doi.org/10.1038/sj.onc.1203855

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