Original Contribution
The American Journal of Gastroenterology (2005) 100, 344–354; doi:10.1111/j.1572-0241.2005.41123.x
Technetium-99m–HMPAO Labeled Leukocyte Single Photon Emission Computerized Tomography (SPECT) for Assessing Crohn's Disease Extent and Intestinal Infiltration
L Biancone MD PhD1, O Schillaci MD1, F Capoccetti MD1, RM Bozzi MD1, D Fina MD1, C Petruzziello MD1, A Geremia MD1, G Simonetti MD1 and F Pallone MD1
1Dipartimento di Medicina Interna, Cattedra di Gastroenterologia; Center of Excellence for the Study of the Genomic Risk of Complex Multifactorial Diseases; and Cattedra di Diagnostica per Immagini, Università di Roma "Tor Vergata", Rome, Italy
Correspondence: Livia Biancone, MD, PhD, Dipartimento di Medicina Interna, Cattedra di Gastroenterologia, Università di Roma "Tor Vergata", Via Montpellier, 1, 00133 Rome, Italy. e-mail: biancone@med.uniroma2.it
Received 12 September 2004; Revised 0000; Accepted 13 September 2004.
Abstract
OBJECTIVES:
Scintigraphy using radiolabeled leukocytes is a useful technique for assessing intestinal infiltration in Crohn's disease (CD). However, limits of planar images include overlapping activity in other organs and low specificity. To investigate the usefulness of 99mTc–HMPAO (hexametyl propylene amine oxime) labeled leukocyte single photon emission computerized tomography (SPECT) for assessing CD lesions, in comparison with planar images.
METHODS:
Twenty-two inflammatory bowel disease patients (19 CD; 2 ulcerative colitis, UC; 1 ileal pouch) assessed by conventional endoscopy or radiology were enrolled. Leukocytes were labeled with 99mTc–HMPAO. SPECT images were acquired at 2 h and planar images at 30 min and 2 h. Bowel uptake was quantitated in nine regions (score 0–3).
RESULTS:
Both SPECT and planar images detected a negative scintigraphy (score 0) in the UC patient with no pouchitis and a positive scintigraphy (score 1–3) in the 21 patients showing active inflammation by conventional techniques. SPECT showed a higher global score than planar images (0.71 
0.09 vs 0.30 0.05; p < 0.001), and in particular in the right iliac fossa (p= 0.003), right and left flank (p < 0.001; p= 0.02), hypogastrium (p= 0.002), and mesogastrium (p < 0.001). SPECT provided a better visualization and a higher uptake than planar images in patients with ileal and ileocolonic CD (6.45 0.82 vs 2.8 0.55, p < 0.001; 5.5 1.6 vs 2.6 0.7, p= 0.03), and with perianal CD (6.6 1.6 vs 3.4 1.2; p= 0.03).
CONCLUSIONS:
99mTc–HMPAO labeled leukocyte SPECT provides a more detailed visualization of CD lesions than planar images. This technique may better discriminate between intestinal and bone marrow uptake, thus being useful for assessing CD lesions within the pelvis, including perianal disease.
