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Liver diseases are any diseases that affect the functioning of the liver. Liver diseases can be inherited (such as Wilson disease and alpha 1-antitrypsin deficiency) or acquired (for example hepatitis and liver cancer).
Activation of the Nrf2/HO-1 antioxidant signaling pathway exacerbates cholestatic liver injury due to excessive accumulation of bilirubin, rather than exerting a protective effect as in non-cholestatic liver injury.