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When and where to protect forests
A dynamic optimization approach using plant species data from 458 forest ecoregions suggests a strategy for when and where to conserve forests globally over the next 50 years to maximize the conservation of plant biodiversity.
- Ian H. Luby
- , Steve J. Miller
- & Stephen Polasky
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Article
| Open AccessCommunicating doctors’ consensus persistently increases COVID-19 vaccinations
Correcting public misperceptions about the views of doctors on the COVID-19 vaccines can have lasting impacts on public uptake of the COVID-19 vaccines.
- Vojtěch Bartoš
- , Michal Bauer
- & Julie Chytilová
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People construct simplified mental representations to plan
Strategically perceiving and conceiving problems facilitates the effective use of limited cognitive resources.
- Mark K. Ho
- , David Abel
- & Thomas L. Griffiths
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Megastudies improve the impact of applied behavioural science
A massive field study whereby many different treatments are tested synchronously in one large sample using a common objectively measured outcome, termed a megastudy, was performed to examine the ability of interventions to increase gym attendance by American adults.
- Katherine L. Milkman
- , Dena Gromet
- & Angela L. Duckworth
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Article
| Open AccessBehavioural nudges increase COVID-19 vaccinations
Two randomized controlled trials demonstrate the ability of text-based behavioural ‘nudges’ to improve the uptake of COVID-19 vaccines, especially when designed to make participants feel ownership over their vaccine dose.
- Hengchen Dai
- , Silvia Saccardo
- & Daniel M. Croymans
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People systematically overlook subtractive changes
Observational and experimental studies of people seeking to improve objects, ideas or situations demonstrate that people default to searching for solutions that add new components rather than for solutions that remove existing components.
- Gabrielle S. Adams
- , Benjamin A. Converse
- & Leidy E. Klotz
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Shifting attention to accuracy can reduce misinformation online
Surveys and a field experiment with Twitter users show that prompting people to think about the accuracy of news sources increases the quality of the news that they share online.
- Gordon Pennycook
- , Ziv Epstein
- & David G. Rand
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Article |
Values encoded in orbitofrontal cortex are causally related to economic choices
Direct electrical stimulation of the brain in rhesus monkeys (Macaca mulatta) predictably varied subjective valuation and choices, linking valuation and economic decision making to the orbitofrontal cortex.
- Sébastien Ballesta
- , Weikang Shi
- & Camillo Padoa-Schioppa
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Variability in the analysis of a single neuroimaging dataset by many teams
The results obtained by seventy different teams analysing the same functional magnetic resonance imaging dataset show substantial variation, highlighting the influence of analytical choices and the importance of sharing workflows publicly and performing multiple analyses.
- Rotem Botvinik-Nezer
- , Felix Holzmeister
- & Tom Schonberg
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Matters Arising |
Selective participation may undermine replication attempts
- Alain Cohn
- , Ernst Fehr
- & Michel André Maréchal
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Heterogeneity in banker culture and its influence on dishonesty
In contrast to a previous study in which only bankers showed increased dishonesty when reminded of their profession, this study found that such reminders induced some dishonesty in bankers, although the effect was not significant, and that this effect was not unique to bankers.
- Zoe Rahwan
- , Erez Yoeli
- & Barbara Fasolo
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Letter |
Social dilemmas among unequals
A framework that includes inequality shows that extreme inequality prevents cooperation, but overall welfare is maximized when endowments and productivities are aligned such that more-productive individuals receive higher endowments.
- Oliver P. Hauser
- , Christian Hilbe
- & Martin A. Nowak
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Letter |
Credibility-enhancing displays promote the provision of non-normative public goods
A field study and three experiments demonstrate that people who engage in rare (non-normative) prosocial behaviours will be more effective advocates for those behaviours than people who merely praise the virtues of these prosocial behaviours.
- Gordon T. Kraft-Todd
- , Bryan Bollinger
- & David G. Rand
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Capacity shortfalls hinder the performance of marine protected areas globally
Although 71% of marine protected areas are benefiting fish populations, their effects are highly variable, with staff capacity proving to be the most important explanatory variable.
- David A. Gill
- , Michael B. Mascia
- & Helen E. Fox
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A solution to the single-question crowd wisdom problem
The wisdom of the crowd can be improved by using an algorithm that selects the answer that is more popular than people predict, rather than the answer that is most popular.
- Dražen Prelec
- , H. Sebastian Seung
- & John McCoy